The Synapse XT formula combines the effects of selected vitamins, minerals and herbs. To further understand the roles each plays in improving hearing, we conducted elaborate research. The results of the scientific community (where possible) and the concentration of each ingredient per serving are listed below.

• Hibiscus (350mg)
  Hibiscus is a flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. This respective plant is said to be rich in antioxidants. To date, hibiscus has been linked to possible lowering of blood pressure and fat levels in the blood, supporting liver health, and triggering weight loss. A 2014 review found that its antioxidant property, which eliminates free radicals from the body, may "improve brain health." To put things to the test, a 2010 study investigated the neuroprotective potential of hibiscus in rats that suffered ischemic reperfusion injury. The researchers concluded that it could help reverse cerebrovascular insufficiency (i.e., the flow of blood flow in the brain). Healthline noted that "narrowed arteries or veins in the neck can also cause a change in blood flow […] Your ears may pick up this turbulent or irregular circulation, causing throbbing tinnitus."


• Garlic (200mg)
  Garlic, as we all know, is a plant from the onion family. It is believed to have anti-inflammatory properties and sulfur-containing compounds (eg S-allyl cysteine ​​and FruArg). As described in a 2019 review, garlic "has been shown to reverse 67% of the endotoxin-lipopolysaccharide-induced transcriptome alteration." In other words, the authors were able to conclude that the garlic components could promote brain resilience.


• Hawthorn berry (200mg)
  Hawthorn is a flowering shrub belonging to the rose family. Historically, it has been used to treat heart, digestive, and kidney problems. Additionally, it could help relieve anxiety and regulate blood pressure levels among others (NIH). One study found that the immunomodulatory effect of hawthorn can alleviate the pro-inflammatory immune responses associated with ischemia and reperfusion injury. Specifically, ingesting hawthorn could increase some brain cells that could suppress inflammatory cells.


• Rosemary (140mg)
  Rosemary is an evergreen aromatic herb found in the Mediterranean. Aside from its exceptional flair in the kitchen, it has been linked to a rich source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds. In a 2016 review dubbed "The therapeutic potential of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) Diterpenes for Alzheimer's distance," it was argued that a significant dose of rosemary could gradually reduce neurodegeneration processes in patients with Alzheimer's disease. That said, it has been suggested that more studies are needed to come to a valid conclusion.


• Riboflavin (1.2 mg)
  Riboflavin or Vitamin B2 is crucial when it comes to breaking down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. It also plays a fundamental role in managing the body's energy supply. A 2017 review with an emphasis on Parkinson's disease and migraine concluded that riboflavin is a potential neuroprotective agent, as it has been able to "address significant pathogenesis-related mechanisms in neurological disorders." It has also been said that this vitamin can relieve oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and glutamate excitotoxicity, all of which are involved in neurological disorders.


• Vitamin B6 (1.7 mg)
  Vitamin B6 is water-soluble and another ingredient that emphasizes the importance of immune function. In a piece written by WholeHealth Chicago, the author shared that vitamin B6 could minimize the memory loss associated with the early stages of Alzheimer's, adding that: "Since vitamin B6 positively affects the nervous system, it can improve the health of the nerves leading to the inner ear and thus minimize the discomfort of tinnitus.


• Folate (800mcg)
  Folate, sometimes referred to as vitamin B9, occurs naturally in many foods we eat. A piece that studied the relationship between folate and blood-brain barrier dysfunction explained that the brain concentrates folate across the blood-brain barrier. It has also been observed that blood-brain barrier dysfunction in chronic disease causes nutrient deficiencies in the brain, which could later contribute to neuropsychiatric disease.


• Magnesium (200mg)
  Magnesium is a mineral essential for muscle and nerve function, blood sugar and pressure levels, and DNA production. A study that administered 532 mg of magnesium per day to reduce the severity of tinnitus found exactly that. Specifically, subjects were required to fill out the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), which ultimately showed that those with mild or greater tinnitus impairment saw a significant decrease in their symptoms.


• Potassium (200mg)
  Potassium is a mineral and an electrolyte that ensures muscle functions at the highest levels, that is, those related to heartbeat and breathing. An animal study found a particular cellular mechanism associated with tinnitus induction. More specifically, the team found that those who were experiencing tinnitus had a deficiency in potassium activity. The question the researchers left consumers to ponder was whether tinnitus was of one type or whether, like cancer, it had several. This is an area that deserves further investigation.